Wildlife - Threats & Challenges

Management issues

Either inappropriate management, changes in management techniques or lack of any organised management regime.

Habitat fragmentation

Creating island habitats where species are restricted in their movement, leads to a decrease in the genetic diversity of communities.  Habitat networks are necessary to allow species migration.

Recreation and tourism pressures

Increased and inappropriate activities in the AONB can have an impact on wildlife and habitats.

Agricultural intensification

Use of fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides; monoculture; increased stock levels; changes to crop rotation can lead to a degradation of habitats.  Insufficient grazing and agricultural activity can be equally impactive.

Economic viability of farming and reduction in traditional practices

Subsidies and changes to markets are likely to change agricultural practice.  This may offer opportunities as well as challenges.

Lack of knowledge and awareness

The link between consumers and land managers needs to be re-established and strengthened.  The importance of farming to the quality of the landscape needs greater public understanding.  There is also a need for information and advice for new smallholding owners and those who have purchased land for leisure and amenity use.

Water quality

Pollution and nitrate run-off which cause eutrophication can have devastating impacts on the balance of water habitats.

Drainage and water abstsraction leading to changes in the natural water table

There is a need to ensure that water levels are maintained at a level suitable for wildlife, while also providing for irrigation and drinking water.

Built development including coastal defence works

The intervention of natural coastal processes should be avoided.  There is a need to protect land and property, but this must be balanced with the need to ensure the protection of important habitats and geological environments.

Climate change and sea level rise

The impact that this will have on species and habitats has yet to be seen.  Where possible, areas should be provided to allow the gradual migration of species and habitats as climate and sea levels change.

Unknown state of fisheries

Further research is required to identify the condition and extent of fisheries off the Island coast.  Historically fishing was an important economic activity for Islanders.  The promotion of local produce and products, may lead to an expansion in the fishery sector to provide for demand.  This will need to be balanced with the need for the conservation of the resource.

Delivery of Biodiversity Action Plan targets

As with all partnership approaches, this requires the effort, goodwill and resources of many organisations.  A systematic and strategic approach should provide benefits for wildlife, and create a better appreciation of the importance of nature conservation to people's quality of life.